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3.单选题(5分) The pathogenic factors of BSE are ( ). A. Listeria monocytogenes B. Prion C. Streptococcus D. Spirochete

3.单选题(5分) The pathogenic factors of BSE are ( ).
A. Listeria monocytogenes
B. Prion
C. Streptococcus
D. Spirochete

题目解答

答案

### 问题解析 题目要求选择BSE(牛海绵状脑病,也称为疯牛病)的致病因子。BSE是一种影响牛的神经退行性疾病,其致病因子是近年来研究的热点。 1. **选项A: Listeria monocytogenes** - **李斯特菌**是一种革兰氏阳性菌,可以引起食物中毒和严重的感染,但与BSE无关。 2. **选项B: Prion** - **朊病毒**(Prion)是一种特殊的蛋白质,能够引起正常蛋白质的错误折叠,从而导致神经退行性疾病。BSE的致病因子就是一种朊病毒,具体来说是一种异常的朊蛋白(PrPSc)。 3. **选项C: Streptococcus** - **链球菌**是一类革兰氏阳性菌,可以引起多种感染,如咽喉炎、肺炎等,但与BSE无关。 4. **选项D: Spirochete** - **螺旋体**是一类螺旋形的细菌,可以引起梅毒、莱姆病等疾病,但与BSE无关。 ### 答案 根据上述分析,BSE的致病因子是朊病毒(Prion)。 **正确答案:B Prion**

解析

本题考查对牛海绵状脑病(BSE,即疯牛病)致病因子的识记。关键点在于明确BSE的致病因子属于非典型病原体,而非常见的细菌。需区分选项中不同微生物的类型及其致病特点,重点理解朊病毒(Prion)的特性:它是一种特殊的蛋白质,通过诱导正常蛋白质变性导致疾病。

选项分析

A. Listeria monocytogenes(李斯特菌)

  • 类型:革兰氏阳性菌
  • 致病特点:引起食物中毒、脑膜炎等,与神经系统退行性疾病无关。

B. Prion(朊病毒)

  • 类型:蛋白质(无核酸)
  • 致病机制:通过错误折叠诱导正常朊蛋白(PrP)变性,形成致病性朊蛋白(PrPSc),破坏神经细胞。
  • 关联疾病:BSE(疯牛病)、人类克雅氏病(CJD)等。

C. Streptococcus(链球菌)

  • 类型:革兰氏阳性菌
  • 致病特点:引起咽喉炎、肺炎、败血症等,与中枢神经系统疾病无关。

D. Spirochete(螺旋体)

  • 类型:细菌(螺旋形)
  • 致病特点:如梅毒螺旋体、伯氏疏螺旋体(莱姆病),与BSE无关。

结论:BSE的致病因子是朊病毒(Prion),对应选项B。

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