Passage SixFor decades, biobanking has been held up as an essential research tool. While few doubt the scientific valueof having catalogues of well-characterized tissues, cells, and other samples, these research platforms have also generated a significant amount of legal and moral controversy, especially in the context of consent and the control of research samples.Throughout the world, billions of public and private dollars have been invested in biobanks and millions of individuals have been asked to donate biological material and personal information. But, at the same time, there remains deep uncertainty about fundamental legal and moral norms.Legal scholars have argued that the most commonly used form of consent-that is, broad or open consent-does not adhere to relevant legal norms, which would seem to require a more comprehensive and specific approach to the consent process. Because the details of future work cannot be known, this approach means providing research participants with far less information than is traditionally disclosed(披露)in the case of specific consent.It is true that many studies have consistently found that, for the most part, the public supports biobanking initiatives and trusts the research community. But that support and trust are fragile. There are many social forces, such as the increasing involvement of industry in biobanking initiatives, which could erode public confidence. In addition, there are a number of social trends that may heighten public interest in the control of human biological material. Research ethics controversies can have a profound erect on public perceptions and consent policy.An emerging interest in biorights, though not widespread, could also challenge the existing approaches of biobanking. Indeed, areas such as genetics(遗传学)and stem cell research receive a great deal of positive coverage in the popular press, including reference to the economic potential of the work.Within the scientific community it has become widely accepted that biobanks are an indispensable research tool, essential for picking out complex gene-environment interactions. There is little doubt that biobanking is here to stay. But we need to recognize that despite decades of academic debate, fundamental legal and moral challenges remain.(1) (单选题)As to biobanking, what do people doubt about?A. The permission and control of samples.B. The donation of biological material.C. The scientific value of research samples.D. The elementary legal and moral standards.(2) (单选题)What is one of the disadvantages of broad consent comparing to specific consent?A. It follows more approaches.B. It requires more participants.C. It reveals less information.D. It conforms to fewer legal norms.(3) (单选题)The word “fragile”(Line 2, Para. 4)most probably means______.A. delicateB. illogicalC. persistentD. damaged(4) (单选题)What can be inferred from the passage?A. The future of biobanking seems to be bright and promising.B. Stem cell research has become the focus of biobanking research.C. People have shifted their interest to biorights instead of research.D. The economic potential of biobanking research should be emphasized.(5) (单选题)What dies the author think of biobanking?A. It is a vital research tool that researchers cannot do without.B. Despite its significance, some problems still need to be solved.C. It explores the functions of human genes and environment.D. The controversy about biobanking will continue for a long time.

In fall 2010, she helped _______ pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care.

In 2015, two Italian companies, ___ on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.A. collectedB. comprisedC. combinedD. collaborated

Passage 3 If you listen to American music, watch American television or magazines, you will probably agree that the most popular subject of these forms of entertainment is love. Romantic love always finds an audience in the United States. Falling in love, solving the problems of love, and achieving the happy ending―the big wedding are subjects of interest to both the adult and the teenage public. Millions of Americans celebrate Valentine’s Day with special cards and gifts that announce their love to their mates, their friends, and their families. Popular songs tell us that “all the world loves a lover “A popular saying is “Love conquers all”. Numerous columns in magazines and newspapers offer advice to lovelorn, those with difficulties of heart. To most Americans, romantic love is central to a happy life. Not only do Americans believe in romantic love but they also believe that it is the best basis for making a happy marriage. Despite the high divorce rate in the United States, young men and women continue to marry on the basis of romantic love. Americans consider marriage a private arrangement between the two people involved. Young Americans feel free to choose their own marriage partners from any social, economic, or religious background. The man or woman may have strong ties with parents, brothers, or sisters, but when he or she falls in love, the strongest feelings are supposed to be for the loved one. When an American couple marries, they generally plan to live apart from both sets of parents and build their own independent family structure.What is the most popular subject of all forms of entertainment A．Marriage B．Love C．Families D．Friendship

We had no trouble finding your house because your ____________ (direct) were definite(清楚的).

W: Darling, let's check out the reviews of this movie online. If it's good we should watch it. M: I think we should. To watch a silent movie is certainly not something common in modern days. The actors must have superb skills to attract the audience if they do not say anything. Q: What is special about the movie? A. It can only be watched online.B. The actors have good speaking skills.C. The actors remain silent throughout it.D. It has superb sound quality.

Pigs are not 1. _______ to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the early times, pigs were allowed to 2. _______ freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem. In fact, they are one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs 3. _______ millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that 4. _______ both humans and farm animals. Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal 5. _______ . In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs 6. _______ native habitats by rooting up(根除) grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything 7. _______ calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through 8. _______ competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food 9. _______ for a species of mainland eagle. The eagles began breeding on the island and also 10. _______ on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.

单选题（共20题，40.0分） 题型说明：Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. (2.0分) She is too ___ in speaking and sometimes she may offend others.A. understandingB. straightforwardC. warm-heartedD. double-dealing

Passage One Ever since you were brought into this world, when you couldn’t open your mouth till the first two years on planet earth, inner voice is the one through which you interpreted and understood things. Inner voice is the voice mouth of the (潜意识的) mind. The subconscious mind is always acting as a secondary reflector of thoughts and ideas in the body. It justifies what is right and what is wrong. When we go against what the inner voice says, we get a guilty conscience and are bothered by it throughout our lives. At times when we are feeling low or at those precious moments when we are let down, we seem to need some kind of emotional or mental support. We usually speak to our closest friend or our dearest family member during times of distress to ease the burden. At such times we get over the initial pain of emotional anxiety because of the encouragement by listeners who share the same feelings. We suddenly feel refreshed because our inner voice alerts us to get on with things and leave the things of past on the memory books of our brain. The inner voice is always right most of the times because it knows us better than others and probably even ourselves. It is the devil child of the (直觉) which we have been having since childhood. It’s good to go by intuitions most of the times because it’s the response provided due to the cooperation of our mental and physical being. Whenever you are trying your first cigarette, or whenever you are asked to take sides in an argument, you are always in a sense of dilemma. During these times your inner voice automatically gives its judgment, which when overwritten, might leave us unhappy in the future. It’s up to us to either ignore the source of encouragement inside us or go out to the world and search for spiritual teachers and happiness, when all these things are very much present within us.What does the author imply in the last paragraph A. We need to go outside to search for a spiritual teacher’s guide.B. We have to be brave enough to look for our own happiness.C. We can be very unhappy in the future if we make wrong judgments.D. We should be self-confident and listen to our inner voice.

Your Health and 5 G The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes.（1） ____ However，not everyone is excited about 5 G service. （2） ____ There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？ To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G.（3） ____ 5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern. 5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly，it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous，but it all depends on the type of radiation，the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation，and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn.（4） ____ Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves，microwaves，or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far，there is no conclusive evidence.（5） ____ However，scientists will continue to study the long-term effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation.A.It's important to consider risks when using 5 G.B.Will this new technology bring new health risks？C.The main difference is the new frequency of the signals to transmit data.D.High-speed service has the potential to revolutionize many technologies.E.Repeated exposure over time can also lead to the likeliness of skin cancer.F.As long as producers follow safety regulations，5 G should not cause a health risk.G.Some people worry that the technology behind 5 G might present serious health risks.